© Wild Wonders of Europe / Daniel Zupanc / WWF
Water
Across Europe, we are polluting our rivers and stretching water resources thin
Water is the source of life on our planet, crucial for growing food, producing energy, and sustaining our economies. Clean and abundant water depends on the health of freshwater ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, streams, wetlands, groundwater, estuaries, and deltas.

For far too long, we have polluted these vital ecosystems, regulated them with dams and channels, and extracted more water than our ecosystems could sustain. Decades of mismanagement and accelerating climate change are making Europeans vulnerable to pollution, water scarcity, and floods, and leading to more conflicts over access to this critical resource.

As a matter of fact, 60% of EU surface waters, such as rivers, lakes and wetlands are unhealthy, with one in three freshwater fish species in Europe facing extinction. Worldwide, freshwater ecosystems are the most threatened on the planet, and freshwater species populations have declined by 83% since the 1970s

At EU level, WWF advocates for EU policies that protect water and freshwater ecosystems. We push for the effective implementation and stronger enforcement of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) to ensure the majority of freshwater ecosystems in the EU are healthy by 2027. We also foster EU policies that contribute to building water and climate resilience through the development of nature-based solutions. WWF’s efforts also focus on integrating water protection into key EU sectoral policies, from energy, to agriculture, and to transport. 
 

"More than half of our rivers, lakes and wetlands are unhealthy. Instead of degrading our water resources, we must protect, restore and sustainably manage them. By doing so, we will reverse biodiversity loss, ensure quality water for people, and secure the crucial benefits of healthy freshwater ecosystems.”

Claire Baffert
Senior EU Policy Officer, Water
@CBaffert

© Leopold Kanzler
What's WWF doing?

Upholding EU water protection standards

Adopted in 2000, the WFD is a cornerstone of EU water protection policy. From 2018 to 2020, the #ProtectWater campaign inspired more than 375,000 citizens to call on the European Commission to keep the WFD in its current form and not to lower its ambition. Today, we work to ensure that Member States fully implement the Directive through robust River Basin Management Plans, and that the European Commission effectively monitors that it is duly enforced.

Water resilience and climate adaptation

By degrading our freshwater ecosystems over the years, we have reduced our ability to cope with floods, droughts and forest fires, which are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change. We advocate for EU policies that promote nature-based solutions, such as restoring wetlands, which act as “sponges”, as essential tools for  achieving water resilience and adapting to the impacts of climate change. 

To address these challenges, the European Commission has committed to launching a Water Resilience Strategy and the European Climate Adaptation Plan in the 2024-2029 mandate. WWF will work to ensure these help us achieve a climate-resilient and thriving Europe.

See WWF vision for climate adaptation in Europe.


Mainstreaming water protection

We strive to consistently integrate water protection into EU sectoral policies such as energy, agriculture and transport. For instance, we advocate against new hydropower development in Europe, fostering instead investments in refurbishing existing plants to lessen their impact on biodiversity. We also advocate for shifting investments toward low-cost, low carbon, low-impact alternatives, such as appropriately sited solar and wind power.

 

Contacts

Codruta Savu
Water & Climate Change Adaptation
Policy Officer (secondment)
+40 731 492 572

Alejandra Morales
Senior Communications Officer,
Agriculture, Freshwater & Climate Adaptation
+32 488 84 98 05
@Alex_delrey

Claire Baffert
Senior EU Policy Officer,
Water & Climate Change Adaptation
(on maternity leave until May 2025)
+32 492 73 10 92
@CBaffert

Latest Water News

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Latest report

© Petra Braun WWF Rivers2Restore

Rivers2Restore: how restored rivers strengthen our resilience to climate change


WWF’s new Rivers2Restore report is urging immediate action to restore Europe's rivers to their natural state and help deliver the EU’s recently agreed nature restoration targets. Restoring rivers - for example by removing dams or allowing the river to take its natural course - helps limit climate disasters like floods & drought by absorbing excess water during heavy rains, and replenishing groundwater which is released slowly during droughts.

Rivers2Restore is a collection of 11 projects selected by WWF across Europe that, if implemented, could make up 2,200km of restored rivers. Together, they could meet nearly 10% of the EU Biodiversity Strategy’s target, enshrined in the just-agreed Nature Restoration Law.
 

reports and briefings
Climate adaptation and resilience in Europe: Principles for action
PDF 3.15 MB
A Water handbook for the 2024-2029 mandate
PDF 1.31 MB
Rivers2Restore: how restored rivers strengthen our resilience to climate change
PDF 68.35 MB
Water for Nature, Water for Life - Europe's water scarcity challenge
PDF 31.97 MB
The Final Sprint For Europe's Rivers -Full Report (October 2021)
PDF 15.09 MB
The Final Sprint For Europe's Rivers -Summary Report (October 2021)
PDF 1.48 MB
REPORT: The potential of barrier removal to reconnect Europe's rivers
PDF 8.15 MB
Report: Hydropower in Europe: Transformation--not development
PDF 10.41 MB
Briefing: Third River Basin Management Plans: WWF recommendations (July 2020)
PDF 1.23 MB
Briefing: How to approach chemical issues within the WFD (March 2020)
PDF 755 KB
Feature - REVOLVE - Winter 2019/20: The same coin - hydropower dams and the biodiversity crisis
PDF 2.42 MB
WWF, RiverWatch, GEOTA, EuroNatur report: Hydropower pressure on European rivers: The story in numbers (summary report)
PDF 1.56 MB
WWF, RiverWatch, GEOTA, EuroNatur report: Hydropower pressure on European rivers: The story in numbers (full report)
PDF 4.09 MB
CEE Bankwatch, Euronatur, RiverWatch, WWF report: Western Balkans hydropower: Who pays, who profits?
PDF 11.01 MB
Briefing: Good water management, the heart of Europe's drought response (July 2019)
PDF 1.69 MB
Living Rivers Europe report: Weakening the EU water law, industry's wish list (May 2019)
PDF 2.83 MB
WWF, EEB, ERN, Wetlands International report: Bringing life back to Europe's waters, the EU water law in action (September 2018)
PDF 5.36 MB